The advantage of optical port over electrical port is that optical port uses optical fiber for transmission, and the transmission distance can reach tens of kilometers, while electrical port uses copper cable for transmission, and the transmission distance is less than 100. The advantage of optical port over electrical port is that optical port uses optical fiber for transmission, and the transmission distance can reach tens of kilometers, while electrical port uses copper cable for transmission, and the transmission distance is less than 100. Optical ports on switches typically accommodate optical modules for transmitting data via fiber optic cables. In situations where there's a shortage of Ethernet ports, some users may insert Ethernet port modules into optical ports to connect with copper cables for data transmission. This design enables end-to-end optical signal transmission, avoiding the conversion between electrical and optical signals at the switch port level. Optical ports include SFP, SFP+, SFP28, QSFP+, and QSFP28. GBIC can be hot-swapped in design. RJ45 ports serve access-layer copper connections; SFP/SFP+ ports enable flexible 1G/10G uplinks; SFP28 delivers 25G for modern data centers; QSFP+ and QSFP28 support high-density 40G/100G spine–leaf.